Endorsements5 min read·March 8, 2026

CDL Passenger Endorsement (P): Bus Driver Requirements

The CDL Passenger endorsement is required to drive buses and other vehicles carrying 16+ passengers. Here's what the P endorsement test covers.

If you want to drive a bus, shuttle, or any commercial vehicle carrying 16 or more passengers (including the driver), you'll need the CDL Passenger endorsement — the P endorsement.

Who Needs the P Endorsement?

You need a Passenger endorsement to drive:

  • Transit buses (city buses, BRT)
  • Coach buses (charter, tour, intercity)
  • Shuttle buses (airport, hotel, casino)
  • Paratransit vehicles carrying 16+ passengers

Note: School buses require a separate School Bus (S) endorsement in addition to the P endorsement.

Test Format

  • Questions: ~20–30 questions (varies by state)
  • Passing score: 80%
  • Skills test must be taken in a passenger vehicle (bus)

Key Topics on the Passenger Test

Loading and Unloading Passengers

Safe boarding and alighting procedures, managing standees, wheelchair accessibility, and proper door operation are tested topics. You must know the rules for allowing passengers to board and exit safely at stops.

Prohibited Passengers and Items

Some materials and persons are prohibited from buses. Know that:

  • Firearms (with limited exceptions), flammable or hazardous materials, and certain weapons are not allowed
  • Intoxicated passengers create a safety issue that must be handled appropriately

Emergency Exits and Evacuation

Bus drivers must know the location of all emergency exits (doors, windows, hatches) and how to conduct a safe evacuation. Questions often ask about the distance you should move passengers from a stopped bus.

Railroad Crossings

Buses must always stop at railroad crossings — there are no exceptions. You must stop between 15–50 feet from the tracks, open the door (and service window if equipped), look and listen for trains, then proceed if clear. Never shift gears while crossing.

Brake and Speed Management

Passenger vehicles require smooth braking and acceleration to avoid injuring standing passengers. Know the rules about speed limits near school zones and residential areas.

Pre-Trip Inspection for Buses

Bus-specific inspection items include emergency exits, passenger seating, floor condition, handrails, interior lighting, and communication systems.

Passenger Vehicle Jobs

  • Transit/city bus driver: $45,000–$65,000/year
  • Charter bus driver: $40,000–$60,000/year
  • Airport shuttle driver: $35,000–$50,000/year
  • Intercity bus driver: $45,000–$70,000/year

Study Tips

  1. Memorize the railroad crossing procedure — it's a high-frequency test topic
  2. Know the emergency evacuation distance (100 feet upwind minimum)
  3. Review the prohibited items list carefully
  4. If you're also pursuing the School Bus endorsement, study both sections together

Ready to Practice?

Put your knowledge to the test with free CDL practice questions.